Earthlings 2.0 Podcast

In this episode of Earthlings 2.0, we speak with Mridul Jain, Dhruv Chaudhary, and Mithran Ladhania, three students from India who developed Thermavault, a portable, electricity-free refrigeration system that keeps vaccines and other temperature-sensitive medical supplies cold in areas with limited access to electricity. The conversation explores how a school science project became an award-winning invention, the team's early hospital testing, and the challenges of moving a new technology from prototype to real-world deployment. They also discuss the potential for reusable cooling materials, expanded medical applications, and how electricity-free refrigeration could improve vaccine access in remote communities.
Key Points:
Salt-based chemistry can provide cooling without electricity – The students explain how Thermavault uses an endothermic reaction involving ammonium chloride and water to absorb heat and maintain temperatures between 2°C and 8°C for approximately 10 to 12 hours. The system requires no electricity, and the salt used in its primary cooling process can be recovered and reused for several cycles.
Reliable refrigeration remains a challenge for vaccine distribution in remote communities – Conventional vaccine transportation often depends on ice packs, freezers, and consistent electricity access. Thermavault was developed as a portable alternative to help maintain the temperatures needed to transport vaccines and other medical supplies in areas with limited refrigeration infrastructure.
Moving from a science project to a practical medical device requires real-world testing – After winning the 2025 Earth Prize for Asia, the team began evaluating Thermavault in hospital settings and gathering feedback from medical professionals. They discuss plans to improve the design, conduct small-scale pilot deployments, and explore additional applications before pursuing commercialization.

Mridul Jain, Co-founder of Thermavault, LinkedIn
Dhruv Chaudhary, Co-founder of Thermavault, LinkedIn
Mithran Ladhania, Co-founder of Thermavault, LinkedIn

Lisa Ann Pinkerton, Earthlings 2.0 Host, CEO of Technica Communications, CEO of PRVIEW, Founder of Women in Cleantech and Sustainability, LinkedIn

🚀 Calling all Earthlings…
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In this episode of Earthlings 2.0, we speak with James (JD) Dillon, Chief Marketing and Customer Experience Officer at Tigo Energy, about the technologies that help solar installations operate more efficiently, safely, and reliably. JD explains how module-level power electronics (MLPE) improve solar panel performance, provide visibility into individual modules, and enable rapid shutdown to protect first responders. The conversation also explores how monitoring and emerging AI capabilities could transform solar maintenance, why aging installations are creating opportunities for equipment upgrades, and how battery storage software helps homeowners manage their electricity use. JD also shares why improving quality across solar equipment, system design, and installation will be essential to the industry's long-term growth.
Key Points:
Module-level technology helps solar systems perform better and operate more safely – JD explains how power optimizers reduce the impact of shading, debris, and differences between individual panels, while module-level monitoring helps identify performance issues.
Better monitoring could change how solar systems are maintained – With visibility down to individual panels, installers can remotely identify problems and plan maintenance more efficiently. JD also discusses how AI could eventually help predict equipment failures before they happen, making solar operations and maintenance more proactive.
Long-term solar growth depends on improving quality across the industry – JD emphasizes that better components alone are not enough. Solar manufacturers, installers, designers, and certification organizations all play a role in improving system quality, especially as installations age and more homeowners rely on solar for decades of electricity production.

James (JD) Dillon, Chief Marketing and Customer Experience Officer at Tigo Energy, LinkedIn

Sarah Malpeli, Earthlings 2.0 Guest Host, Vice President of Client Services and Growth at Technica Communications, LinkedIn

🚀 Calling all Earthlings…
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Are you new to Earthlings 2.0 and don’t know where to get started? Check out our Life at 3C episode on our website
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In this episode of Earthlings 2.0, we speak with former USDA economist and agricultural economics professor James MacDonald about how American agriculture has evolved and what lies ahead for the nation's farmers. Drawing on decades of research, James explains how farm consolidation has reshaped the industry, why larger farms aren't necessarily corporate-owned, and how the economics of food production influence what consumers pay at the grocery store. The conversation also explores the challenges facing smaller farms, the potential of autonomous farming equipment and regenerative agriculture and how climate change, technology and agricultural research could shape the future of farming.
Key Points:
Farm consolidation is changing the economics of family farming – James explains how larger, more efficient operations have transformed American agriculture, particularly in livestock and commodity crop production. While many farms remain family-owned, the financial investment, equipment costs, and management requirements needed to compete have made it more challenging for smaller farms to survive.
Farmers receive only a fraction of what consumers pay for food – Although farm consolidation has helped reduce production costs, James explains that farm commodities typically account for just 5 to 20% of retail food prices, depending on the product. Processing, transportation, and retail costs make up much of the remaining price, complicating the relationship between farm economics and grocery bills.
New technologies could reshape the future of American agriculture – James discusses how smaller autonomous tractors, robotic milking systems, and biological innovations could change farming operations. He also examines the economic limits of regenerative agriculture and why advances in irrigation, agricultural technology and research will matter as farmers adapt to climate change.

James MacDonald, former USDA economist, Professor of Agricultural and Resource Economics at the University of Maryland and Senior Fellow at the National Center for Food and Agricultural Policy, LinkedIn

Luis de Leon, Earthlings 2.0 Guest Host

🚀 Calling all Earthlings…
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We want to learn more about you! It’ll take just a few moments to complete our survey. Thank you for helping us make your listening experience the best it can be!
Are you new to Earthlings 2.0 and don’t know where to get started? Check out our Life at 3C episode on our website
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In this episode of Earthlings 2.0, we speak with Mike Clark, President of Global Innovation and New Business Development at Hollingsworth & Vose, about why air filtration is becoming an important part of energy efficiency and sustainable building design. As commercial buildings, hospitals, factories, and AI data centers consume growing amounts of electricity, even small improvements to HVAC systems can have a meaningful impact on operating costs and carbon emissions. Mike explains how advanced filtration materials reduce the energy required to move air while improving indoor air quality and protecting critical equipment. The conversation explores the connection between air filtration, healthy buildings, AI infrastructure, and why choosing the right filter can reduce both energy consumption and environmental impact.
Key Points:
Advanced air filtration can lower HVAC energy consumption – Modern filter materials reduce airflow resistance, helping commercial buildings and data centers improve indoor air quality while lowering electricity use.
Indoor air quality affects both human health and AI infrastructure – Effective filtration protects occupants in schools, hospitals, offices, and public buildings while also preventing contamination that can damage sensitive equipment in data centers and manufacturing facilities.
Smarter filtration is an overlooked climate solution – Advances in nanofiber materials and filter design are helping buildings operate more efficiently, reducing operating costs and supporting broader carbon reduction goals.

Mike Clark, President of Global Innovation and New Business Development at Hollingsworth & Vose, LinkedIn

Luis de Leon, Earthlings 2.0 Guest Host

In this episode of Earthlings 2.0, we speak with Cherif Kedir, President and CEO of the Renewable Energy Test Center (RETC), part of the VDE Group, about what it takes to ensure solar panels can perform reliably for decades in the field. Cherif discusses the company’s PV Module Index (PVMI) and Thresher Test, how solar testing has evolved as technologies and operating environments have changed, and the role third-party validation plays in building confidence across the industry. The conversation also explores advances in solar module efficiency, the potential of perovskite solar cells, and how testing must continue to evolve as manufacturers introduce new materials and designs.
Key Points:
Solar certification is the starting point, not the finish line – Cherif explains that basic certification historically focused primarily on whether solar modules could operate safely. The company’s Thresher program was developed to go further, evaluating the durability and reliability characteristics that determine how modules could perform over decades of deployment.
Solar panels need to be tested for the conditions they will actually encounter – RETC, part of the VDE Group continually adapts its testing to reflect real-world stresses, including heat, humidity, thermal cycling, wind loading, UV exposure, corrosion and hail. Testing also evolves as module sizes, materials and technologies change.
Independent testing helps reduce risk for long-term solar investments – With significant capital invested in projects expected to operate for decades, developers and financial institutions need confidence in the products they select. Cherif explains how independent testing, sample verification and chain-of-custody controls provide technical due diligence that helps stakeholders evaluate solar technologies before deployment.

Cherif Kedir, President and CEO of RETC, part of the VDE Group, President and CEO of VDE Americas, LinkedIn

Sarah Malpeli, Earthlings 2.0 Guest Host, Vice President of Client Services and Growth at Technica Communications, LinkedIn

🚀 Calling all Earthlings…
Visit our website for more episodes!
Sign up to our newsletter for the latest news on the most exciting technology and research shaping our futures!
We want to learn more about you! It’ll take just a few moments to complete our survey. Thank you for helping us make your listening experience the best it can be!
Are you new to Earthlings 2.0 and don’t know where to get started? Check out our Life at 3C episode on our website
Thanks for tuning in! If you like what we’re doing over at Earthlings 2.0, you can support us by heading over to our Patreon Page.
Let’s stay connected! Follow Earthlings 2.0 Socials for the latest updates and news:
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Thanks to Resource Labs for having us on the network!