Dylan Wiliam on Building Student Knowledge | Literacy and the Science of Learning
Our memories grow stronger when we work to retrieve them. That’s why flash cards and pop quizzes are effective: they prompt students to recall and access information from their memory bank. What other instructional tools and techniques help students remember what they’ve learned, and how can teachers put these to use?Host Dylan Wiliam takes a deep dive into four vitally important principles that are rooted in cognitive science and receive far less attention than they deserve: retrieval, spacing or distributed practice, metacognition, and interleaving. These concepts are brought to life by guests Patrice Bain and Zach Groshell, educators who have used them in the classroom and written books on the topic.Bain offers a strong overview of memory-building instructional moves, which she calls “power tools.” They include asking students to think about what they’re learning while jotting notes (metacognition), guiding class discussions that focus on material learned a week and more ago (spacing), and teaching varied aspects of related content in a single study session and requiring students to “switch gears” (interleaving).“Too often as teachers we concentrate on putting information into our heads. What if instead we concentrated on pulling information out?”Groshell identifies some common teaching practices where these principles most readily apply: turn-and-talks, exit tickets, and Do Nows, which he recommends include a mix of current, recent, and past content. He also discusses common study techniques that are less effective, like re-reading notes or highlighting a text, because they draw on a student recognizing something familiar, not accessing knowledge from their memory stores. “Recognition and familiarity are really bad cues compared to: if I can retrieve it, if I can have someone test me on it and I can verbalize it or I can write it down. These are much better signs that I'm learning the material.”This podcast is produced by the Knowledge Matters Campaign and StandardsWork. Follow the Knowledge Matters Campaign on Twitter, Instagram and Facebook. Search #knowledgematters to join the conversation.Production by Tressa Versteeg. Original music and sound engineering by Aidan Shea.
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Dylan Wiliam on How the Brain Learns | Literacy and the Science of Learning
How can schools and teachers maximize student learning? To answer this question, we need to understand how the human mind works. What needs to be explicitly taught, how many new things can we remember at a time, and what is the role of background knowledge in easing students’ cognitive loads?Host Dylan Wiliam begins the six-part “Literacy and the Science of Learning” podcast with an accessible overview of cognitive and educational psychology, in conversation with experts Daisy Christodoulou, David Geary, and John Sweller.With Christodoulou, Wiliam talks about the role of schema–the background knowledge and framework that helps us organize and remember new information. They also discuss the importance of “deliberate practice” rather than repetition. For example, the best musicians practice scales, not just sonatas.Geary focuses on the different ways humans learn: while much of our development is instinctual, the sorts of knowledge and skills we learn in school must be explicitly taught. Babies can learn to read faces and speak, but students need to be taught how to decode, for example. Then, Sweller explains the limitations of working memory, which can hold up to seven items at a time for 18 seconds, maximum. How can we balance the need for explicit instruction with the limitations of working memory? By helping students build and access knowledge. This can free them from the “bottleneck” of working memory by transferring brain work to our long-term memory, which sets the stage for new information to be learned:“We can’t really increase the capacity or duration of short-term memory, increasing the capabilities of our students involves increasing the content of long-term memory. This is why knowledge matters. The way to make our students smarter is not to give them practice in thinking, but to give them more to think with.”This podcast is produced by the Knowledge Matters Campaign and StandardsWork. Follow the Knowledge Matters Campaign on Twitter, Instagram and Facebook. Search #knowledgematters to join the conversation.Production by Tressa Versteeg. Original music and sound engineering by Aidan Shea.
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Introducing Season 3: Literacy and the Science of Learning
How is the Science of Reading connected to the Science of Learning? Join hosts Dylan Wiliam, Doug Lemov, and Natalie Wexler as they delve into the links between the two, both in theory and practice, in Season 3 of the Knowledge Matters Podcast. Across six 30-minute episodes, we’ll explore how long-term memory shapes reading comprehension, why reading whole books is better than excerpts on a screen, and how teaching students to write clearly can help them think more clearly, in conversation with researchers and teachers.“We want our students to remember. That’s the goal!”This podcast is produced by the Knowledge Matters Campaign and StandardsWork. Follow the Knowledge Matters Campaign on Twitter, Instagram and Facebook. Search #knowledgematters to join the conversation.Additional resources:Dylan Wiliam - Developing Curriculum for Deep Thinking: The Knowledge RevivalDoug Lemov - The Teach Like a Champion Guide to the Science of ReadingNatalie Wexler - Beyond the Science of ReadingProduction by Tressa Versteeg. Original music and sound engineering by Aidan Shea.
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Bonus Episode: Writing: An Unsung Hero of Reading Comprehension
This bonus episode is an audio recording of our most popular webinar ever, Writing: An Unsung Hero of Reading Comprehension. It features familiar voices to listeners of Season 1 of the Knowledge Matters Podcast, best-selling author and host Natalie Wexler, as well as StandardsWork’s Chief Program Officer Kristen McQuillan, Doug Lemov (Teach Like a Champion), and Julia Cooper (SchoolKit).Their conversation focuses on why writing should be connected to content learning. How does the act of writing about one’s learning deepen retention of the content? How does it support emerging writers in focusing on their craft? Our guests share practical examples of connected writing instruction when it’s done well, and how to identify when a curriculum is weak in addressing this critical aspect of literacy.You can watch this webinar as a video recording as well as the rest of our webinars on our website. Resources mentioned in this webinar:Slide deck from the live recording: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1f6216Vc9auVNHTqQNKJC9hBF-Fof4uhh/view?usp=sharingKnowledge Matters Review Tool: A Guide for Evaluating K-8 Curriculum: https://knowledgematterscampaign.org/review-toolThe Writing Revolution: https://www.thewritingrevolution.org Reading Reconsidered: https://teachlikeachampion.org/reading-reconsideredSchoolKit Resources: https://schoolkitgroup.com Teach Like a Champion: https://teachlikeachampion.org/?books=teach-like-a-champion-3-0The Knowledge Gap: The Hidden Cause of America’s Broken Education System—and How to Fix It: https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/547653/the-knowledge-gap-by-natalie-wexler/9780735213555/Natalie’s free Substack newsletter: Minding the GapStay in the loop! Sign up for our newsletter to find out about the next webinar.Original music and sound engineering by Aidan Shea.
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Bonus Episode: Knowledge: An Unsung Hero of Reading Comprehension
Today’s episode is a special bonus—an audio recording of our recent webinar, Knowledge: Why It Matters. We found the conversation so valuable that we wanted to make it accessible in as many ways as possible.In this episode, StandardsWork’s Chief Program Officer Kristen McQuillan and Baltimore City Public Schools teacher Kyair Butts join Dr. Susan Neuman (New York University) and Dr. Margaret “Moddy” McKeown (University of Pittsburgh) to explore how content knowledge plays a critical role in reading comprehension. They also discuss the limitations of approaches that emphasize reading strategies without a strong foundation in knowledge.You can watch this webinar as a video recording as well as the rest of our webinars on our website. Resources mentioned in this webinar:Knowledge Matters Review Tool: A Guide for Evaluating K-8 CurriculumBooks by Dr. McKeownThe Handbook of Early Literacy Research (Neuman, 2003)All About Words (Neuman, 2013)Educating the Other America (Neuman, 2008)Giving Our Children a Fighting Chance (Neuman, 2012)Growing Knowledge Matters. A Lot. (Student Achievement Partners, 2021)The Usefulness of Brief Instruction in Reading Comprehension Strategies (Daniel Willingham, 2014)Developing Curriculum for Deep Thinking (The Knowledge Revival, 2025)10 Ways Educators Can Bring Knowledge-Building Into Their Classrooms (ASCD, Knowledge Matters Campaign)Stay in the loop! Sign up for our newsletter to find out about the next webinar.Original music and sound engineering by Aidan Shea.
The "Knowledge Matters Podcast", produced by the Knowledge Matters Campaign, is a thought-provoking and engaging exploration of the vital role of knowledge-building in education. Each season delves into the pressing issues, innovative ideas, and transformative solutions shaping the future of education, and is a must-listen for educators, administrators, parents, and anyone with an interest in the evolving landscape of learning.
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