If you're studying for the WSET Diploma D3 exam, or you simply want to deepen your understanding of one of the world's most iconic wine regions, this episode is your essential listen. Janina takes you on a deep dive into Bordeaux, delivering everything you need to know in an engaging, audio flashcard format. She asks the questions, you pause and think (or just absorb it all), and by the end you'll have a solid command of everything from the rivers that shape the region to the soils beneath the vines.
By the end of this episode, you'll be able to confidently name Bordeaux's key grape varieties and explain what each brings to a blend, describe the major appellations on both the Left Bank and Right Bank, understand how climate, vintage variation, and soil type influence wine style, and walk through the winemaking decisions -from vineyard to bottle - that define great Bordeaux. Whether you're revising for an exam or just want to sound impressively knowledgeable at your next dinner party, this one's for you.
💡 Want more flashcard-style episodes? Previously, Janina has also produced episodes to help with Fortified Wine and Sparkling Wine exams along with several other wine regions for D3 exams. You can find them here:
Ep 253: Rhône Valley
Ep 256: Languedoc- Roussillon
Ep 113: Shery, VdNs, Rutherglen Muscat
Ep 120: Port & Madeira
Ep 129: Sparkling Wine Production
Ep 136: Champagne
Ep 142: All other sparkling wines
Timestamps
0:30 — Bordeaux Overview: production split (85% red, 9% dry white, 5% rosé)
2:24 — Location & Geography — The Garonne, Dordogne & Gironde Estuary; Left Bank vs. Right Bank
3:26 — History — The Dutch, wine merchants & brokers, and how Bordeaux built its global reputation
4:29 — The 1855 Classification — How it came about and why it still matters today
(Listen to Ep 239 - 4mins in for more details on this classification)
6:07 — Climate — Maritime influence, the Gulf Stream, and what makes a great vintage
7:21 — Forests, geography & Left Bank climate protection (the Landes pine forests)
7:24 — Rainfall variability and its impact on vine health and vintage quality
8:26 — Climate change: hotter summers, lower acidity, higher alcohol
9:17 — Extreme weather: frost, hail & vintage variation
10:20 — Soils — Why gravel is king on the Left Bank; heat retention, drainage & the croupe
13:43 — Right Bank soils: clay, limestone plateau & Merlot's natural home
14:07 — Grape Varieties: Merlot — Growth cycle, risks, flavour profile & why it dominates the Right Bank
17:33 — Grape Varieties: Cabernet Sauvignon — Late budding, thick skins, disease risks & what it contributes to blends
18:46 — What happens when Cabernet Sauvignon doesn't ripen fully
19:20 — Grape Varieties: Cabernet Franc — Bud break, coulure risk, herbaceous character & canopy management
20:29 — Grape Varieties: Malbec — Vineyard behaviour, the 1956 frost & why it declined in Bordeaux
21:41 — Grape Varieties: Petit Verdot — Late ripening, small blending amounts & why climate change is reviving it
23:20 — Grape Varieties: White — Sémillon — Noble rot susceptibility, flavour profile, aging potential & its role in dry and sweet blends
25:39 — Grape Varieties: White — Sauvignon Blanc — Its contribution to dry and sweet Bordeaux wines
26:33 — Grape Varieties: White — Muscadelle — Aromatic qualities, Botrytis risk & use in sweet wines
27:05 — Vineyard Management — Planting density, vine spacing & costs
28:22 — Pruning systems: double vs. single Guyot; cordon trained vines
29:12 — Canopy management, leaf removal, disease pressure & trunk diseases (Eutypa & Esca)
31:18 — Organic viticulture: Flavescence Dorée, certification & 18% of Bordeaux certified organic in 2021
32:08 — Yield management: bunch thinning, natural balance & why extreme low yields are falling out of favour
33:03 — Harvesting: hand vs. machine picking; labour shortages in northern Médoc
34:24 — Winemaking: Red Wines — Fermentation vessels, extraction, maceration times & pressing
37:13 — Barrel aging: barriques, new oak proportions, racking & blending timing
38:41 — Winemaking: Rosé — Saignée vs. direct press; traditional vs. modern styles
39:07 — Winemaking: White Wines — Early drinking, mid-priced & high quality approaches; lees aging, bâtonnage & new oak trends
40:53 — Winemaking: Sweet Wines — Yields, multiple harvest passes, noble rot selection & barrel aging for top estates
44:11 — Appellations: Overview — 65 appellations; Bordeaux AOC & Bordeaux Supérieur yields and styles
46:19 — Left Bank: Médoc & Haut-Médoc — Yield limits, style differences & the four famous communes
47:19 — Saint-Estèphe — Clay soils, higher Merlot, rustic tannins & no first growths
47:47 — Pauillac — High Cabernet Sauvignon, three first growths, exceptional aging potential
48:27 — Saint-Julien — Between Pauillac's power and Margaux's finesse
48:44 — Margaux — Elegance, perfume, silky tannins & earlier ripening
49:31 — Listrac-Médoc & Moulis — Further from the river, less gravel, good to very good quality
49:43 — Graves & Pessac-Léognan — Best white wines in Bordeaux; red/white split; yields & style
51:47 — Entre-Deux-Mers — White wine only; second-largest appellation; fresh and inexpensive
52:12 — Right Bank: Saint-Émilion — Merlot dominance, Grand Cru rules, classification system & satellites
53:55 — Pomerol — ~80% Merlot, no classification, tiny estates, super-premium pricing & wine style
55:35 — Lalande-de-Pomerol & Côtes de Bordeaux appellations
56:06 — Côtes de Bourg — Malbec focus
56:27 — Sweet Wine Appellations: Sauternes & Barsac — Noble rot conditions, Ciron River mists, 25 hl/ha yields & wine style
58:12 — Other sweet wine appellations: Sainte-Croix-du-Mont, Loupiac & Premier Côtes de Bordeaux
58:42 — What's NOT covered in this episode (classifications, En Primeur, La Place de Bordeaux) — so follow these links to other episodes to supplement your wine learning:
Ep 185 : La Place de Bordeaux
Ep 182 : En Primeur
📩 Questions or feedback?
[email protected]
📸 Instagram: @eatsleep_winerepeat
🎥 YouTube: Eat Sleep Wine Repeat
🌐 Website: www.eatsleepwinerepeat.co.uk
THE EAT SLEEP WINE REPEAT PODCAST
Featured in Decanter Magazine and Radio Times, and ranked among the Top UK Wine Podcasts by Feedspot.
RECOGNITION:
– Finalist, 67 Pall Mall Award for Best Global Wine Communicator in Audio (2025)
– Shortlisted, IWSC Emerging Talent in Wine Communication (2025 and 2026)