Philosophy meets biography in this deep dive into Robin Waterfield's new book on Plato. Michael and Caleb explore how the philosopher's life shaped his ideas, from witnessing tyranny and democracy's failures in his youth to his later failed attempt to reform a Sicilian tyrant.Plato was an aristocrat who saw his relatives join the brutal Thirty Tyrants, watched democracy execute his mentor Socrates, and spent decades running a research academy that encouraged debate over dogma. His life and philosophy are worth understanding.(00:05:50) Plato's aristocratic background in Athens(00:06:30) The Thirty Tyrants and family connections(00:08:20) Socrates' execution and its impact(00:10:40) Key philosophical insights from political unrest(00:13:00) The Sophists reconsidered(00:19:20) Establishing the academy as research institution(00:21:00) Early, middle, and later period writings(00:27:20) Plato's caution about passive consumption(00:30:20) Criticism of poetry as ancient television(00:35:40) The religious dimension of Platonic philosophy(00:39:50) Return to Syracuse and the philosopher king project(00:47:40) Philosophy's ambitions beyond ivory towerDownload the Stoa app (it's a free download): https://stoameditation.com/podIf you try the Stoa app and find it useful, but truly cannot afford it, email us and we'll set you up with a free account.Listen to more episodes and learn more here: https://stoameditation.com/blog/stoa-conversations/Thanks to Michael Levy for graciously letting us use his music in the conversations: https://ancientlyre.com/ Get full access to The Stoa Letter at www.stoaletter.com/subscribe
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10 Key Stoic Ideas (Episode 194)
Michael breaks down the ten most important concepts you need to understand ancient philosophy's most practical school of thought.These are the core ideas that built a 2,000-year-old system for living well. From happiness and virtue to the dichotomy of control, each concept builds on the last to create a complete framework for human flourishing. (00:00:00) Introduction: Why These 10 Ideas Matter (00:01:50) Happiness and Flourishing (Eudaimonia) (00:02:50) Virtue as Excellence (Arete) (00:04:10) Knowledge as the Key (Episteme) (00:05:50) Living According to Nature (Kata Phusin Zen)(00:07:40) Mindful Attention (Prosoche) (00:09:20) Impressions and Assent (Phantasia and Synkatathesis) (00:11:00) The Things Up to Us (Ta Eph' Hemin) (00:12:20) Your Ruling Faculty (Hegemonikon) (00:13:50) Indifferents (Adiaphora) (00:15:40) Passions vs Good Emotions (Pathe vs Eupathe)(00:18:00) How the 10 Ideas Connect (00:21:40) What to Focus on NextDownload the Stoa app (it's a free download): https://stoameditation.com/podIf you try the Stoa app and find it useful, but truly cannot afford it, email us and we'll set you up with a free account.Listen to more episodes and learn more here: https://stoameditation.com/blog/stoa-conversations/Thanks to Michael Levy for graciously letting us use his music in the conversations: https://ancientlyre.com/ Get full access to The Stoa Letter at www.stoaletter.com/subscribe
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When Being Good at Your Job Makes You a Bad Person (Episode 193)
What happens when the roles life gives you conflict with being a good person? Caleb and Michael tackle one of Stoicism's puzzles: when excellent performance in your job, relationships, or responsibilities seems to require abandoning virtue.Starting with Machiavelli's brutal advice to princes, they work through modern examples where this tension emerges. The activist who uses propaganda for a just cause. The CEO who fires employees for market efficiency. The lawyer defending someone they think is guilty. The journalist photographing tragedy without intervening.The Stoics said to follow your roles, but what if your roles demand cruelty, deception, or abandoning compassion? The conversation reveals three ways to think through these conflicts.(00:00) Introduction: When roles conflict with virtue(03:40) Machiavelli's challenge to virtue ethics(08:20) The difference between bad people and role conflicts(14:30) Modern examples: activists and propaganda(16:00) Workplace tensions: bosses and market demands(16:30) Impartial observers: journalists and philosophers(18:00) Best soldiers follow orders without question(20:30) Legal defenders and the guilty client(22:40) When roles seem necessarily at odds with virtue(27:00) Solution 1: The Stoic hierarchy of roles(30:00) Human role vs chosen roles(34:20) Why hierarchy alone isn't enough(38:50) Solution 2: Breaking virtue into sub-components(42:00) Fair dealing depends on context and circumstances(46:20) Practical advice for everyday conflicts(48:00) Solution 3: Using rights and consequences as constraints(50:40) Reserve clause and staying flexible between roles(51:20) Why most conflicts resolve with careful thinkingDownload the Stoa app (it's a free download): https://stoameditation.com/podIf you try the Stoa app and find it useful, but truly cannot afford it, email us and we'll set you up with a free account.Listen to more episodes and learn more here: https://stoameditation.com/blog/stoa-conversations/Thanks to Michael Levy for graciously letting us use his music in the conversations: https://ancientlyre.com/ Get full access to The Stoa Letter at www.stoaletter.com/subscribe
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The Ring of Gyges (Episode 192)
What would you do if you could get away with anything?Plato's famous thought experiment cuts straight to the heart of human nature. If you had a ring that made you invisible—if you could take, do, or have anything without consequence—what would you do? More importantly, what should you do?Michael explores what the Stoics believed about this thought experiment and what it reveals about their philosophy. Download the Stoa app (it's a free download): https://stoameditation.com/podIf you try the Stoa app and find it useful, but truly cannot afford it, email us and we'll set you up with a free account.Listen to more episodes and learn more here: https://stoameditation.com/blog/stoa-conversations/Thanks to Michael Levy for graciously letting us use his music in the conversations:https://ancientlyre.com/ Get full access to The Stoa Letter at www.stoaletter.com/subscribe
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Therapy vs Philosophy (Episode 191)
When life hits hard, where do you turn? Philosophy, therapy, or coaching? Michael and Caleb examine and debate the fundamental differences between these approaches to human suffering and growth.They explore why Stoicism offers a prescriptive vision of the good life while therapy remains deliberately non-judgmental. The conversation reveals when philosophy works best as preventative strength training versus therapy's role in acute crisis intervention.(00:00) Introduction: Philosophy vs Therapy(03:20) The Ancient Medical Metaphor(09:00) Different Goals: Prescriptive vs Non-judgmental(23:30) Stoicism as Preventative Training Only(27:30) When People Discover Stoicism After Crisis(32:20) Why Some Stoics Struggle with Crisis Moments(38:00) Questioning the "Solution" Mindset(42:10) Who Should Choose What Path(48:30) Practical Stoic Techniques in Daily Life(52:40) Knowing When You Don't KnowDownload the Stoa app (it's a free download): https://stoameditation.com/podIf you try the Stoa app and find it useful, but truly cannot afford it, email us and we'll set you up with a free account.Listen to more episodes and learn more here: https://stoameditation.com/blog/stoa-conversations/Thanks to Michael Levy for graciously letting us use his music in the conversations: https://ancientlyre.com/ Get full access to The Stoa Letter at www.stoaletter.com/subscribe
Caleb Ontiveros and Michael Tremblay discuss how to build resilience, develop virtue, and make sense of the world through Stoic philosophy.
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