The Autism Little Learners Podcast

If you're looking for the best visual supports for autistic preschoolers, these five foundational tools can make classroom routines, transitions, communication, and everyday expectations easier to understand.
In this episode, Tara is going back to the basics and sharing five of her favorite visual supports for young autistic children. These are the supports she returns to again and again because they are practical, flexible, and easy to use in preschool classrooms, therapy spaces, and at home.
Visual supports can make routines more predictable and reduce the amount of spoken language a child has to process. But with so many different types of visual supports available, it can be hard to know where to begin.
That's exactly what we're breaking down today.
What Are the Best Visual Supports for Autistic Preschoolers?
The best visual supports are the ones that give a child clear, meaningful information about what is happening now, what is coming next, and what they can expect. Tara's five go-to supports are a first-then board, visual schedule, All Done Bucket, Wait Mat, and visual countdown or star chart.
What Is a First-Then Board?
A first-then board is a simple visual support that shows an autistic child what is happening first and what will happen next. It can make routines and transitions easier to understand without requiring the child to process a long series of verbal directions.
A first-then board can be especially helpful when a child is learning a new routine, preparing for a transition, or moving between activities.
How Does a Visual Schedule Help Autistic Preschoolers?
A visual schedule helps autistic preschoolers see and understand the sequence of activities within their day or routine. This added predictability can support transitions, communication, regulation, and independence.
For some children, starting with only two or three pictures is more supportive than displaying a full-day schedule. The schedule can grow as the child becomes familiar with checking it and moving through the routine.
What Is an All Done Bucket?
An All Done Bucket is a visual and concrete way to show a child that an activity or object is finished. Instead of relying only on spoken directions like "clean up" or "all done," the child has a predictable action that represents the ending.
When this system is modeled consistently, it can make difficult transitions easier to understand.
What Is a Wait Mat?
A Wait Mat is a visual support that gives a child a clear place to temporarily put a preferred or regulating object while participating in another activity. Unlike an All Done Bucket, the object is not finished or being taken away—it is waiting nearby.
That distinction can be especially important for autistic children who carry familiar objects for comfort, connection, or regulation.
How Can a Visual Countdown Help With Transitions?
A visual countdown shows a child that an activity will continue for a little longer and then end. Stars or other symbols can be added or removed so the child can visually see the transition getting closer.
The countdown isn't something the child has to earn. It provides information about what is going to happen next.
In This Episode, You'll Learn
• Why visual supports can be so helpful for autistic preschoolers
• How visuals can support routines, transitions, communication, and independence
• How to use a first-then board to make what's happening now and next more concrete
• Why visual schedules don't have to show an entire day
• How an All Done Bucket creates a clear ending to an activity
• The difference between an All Done Bucket and a Wait Mat
• How visual countdowns can prepare children for upcoming transitions
• Why consistency matters when introducing a new visual support
Key Takeaways
• Visual supports can make spoken information more concrete and easier to process
• Predictability can support regulation and reduce uncertainty
• Start with the amount of visual information the child can understand right now
• Visuals work best when they are modeled consistently
• A visual support should provide information, not become another demand
• Different children may need different types or amounts of visual support
• Simple visuals used consistently can make a big difference throughout the preschool day
Try This
You don't need to introduce all five visual supports at once.
Choose one routine or transition that feels tricky right now. Think about what information might be unclear to the child: Do they know what is happening? What comes next? When something will be finished? Where a favorite object will go?
Then choose one visual that could make that information more concrete.
Start there. Model it consistently, give the child time to learn what it means, and pay attention to whether it is actually making the routine easier to understand.
Related Resources & Links
💚 Visual Supports Starter Set
💚 All Done Bucket Podcast Episode
💚 Themed Year-Round Adapted Book Visuals
💚 Autism Little Learners Membership
Final Thoughts
Visual supports don't have to be complicated to make a meaningful difference.
A first-then board can make the next step clearer. A visual schedule can make the day more predictable. An All Done Bucket or Wait Mat can help a child understand what is happening to an important object. A visual countdown can make an upcoming transition easier to anticipate.
Start with one visual. Model it consistently. Give the child time to learn what it means. The goal isn't to get a child to follow a visual perfectly. The goal is to give them information in a way that is easier to understand.

Supporting regulation in the classroom starts with understanding what an autistic child's nervous system needs before we focus on expectations, participation, or learning. That's why regulation is the focus of Week 3 of our Back to School Foundations series.
By early September, you've probably moved past those first days of school when everyone is learning names, exploring the classroom, and figuring each other out. Your routines are starting to take shape, expectations are increasing, and you may also be seeing more dysregulation show up.
This is often when we start wondering, What can I do to help this child participate? How do I make circle time easier? Why are transitions suddenly so hard? What changed?
Before we add another expectation, I want us to look at regulation.
For six weeks, I'm revisiting some of the most important conversations from the Autism Little Learners Podcast and bringing them back when you may need them most. This week's conversation originally aired in early 2025, and it focuses on practical ways we can support emotional and sensory regulation throughout the classroom day.
We'll talk about the classroom environment, sensory needs, calming spaces, visual supports, sensory tools, and the important role we play in co-regulation. Most importantly, we'll talk about why regulation isn't something we work on only after a child becomes overwhelmed. When we understand an individual child's sensory needs and build supportive strategies throughout their day, we're creating an environment where they have greater access to communication, participation, connection, and learning.
In This Episode, You'll Learn
Why the classroom environment can have such a big impact on regulation

How reducing sensory overload can support autistic children throughout their day

Why calming corners can offer a supportive place for children to manage sensory input and emotions

How visual supports can provide information, support communication, and reduce uncertainty

Ways sensory tools can help children get the sensory input their bodies need

Why co-regulation with a trusted adult is so important for young children

How sensory needs can look very different from one child to another

Why regulation supports should be woven throughout the day rather than saved for moments of dysregulation

How heavy work activities can support children who are seeking more sensory input

Why helping young autistic children develop regulation skills has benefits that extend far beyond the classroom

Key Takeaways
Regulation comes before expectation. Before asking how to get a child to participate, sit, transition, or complete an activity, consider what their nervous system may be communicating.

The environment matters. Noise, lighting, movement, visual clutter, proximity to other people, and other sensory input can all affect how accessible a classroom feels to an individual child.

Regulation looks different for every child. There isn't one sensory tool, calming strategy, or classroom setup that will work for everyone. Understanding the individual child is essential.

Co-regulation comes before self-regulation. Young children develop regulation skills with support from calm, responsive adults. Our job isn't simply to tell a child to calm down. We can help them feel safe and supported as they move through those moments.

Calming spaces aren't punishment spaces. A calming corner can provide access to sensory tools and a quieter environment when a child needs less input or a place to regulate.

Sensory supports shouldn't only appear during a hard moment. Movement, heavy work, sensory tools, visual supports, and regulation opportunities can be intentionally incorporated throughout the day.

The goal isn't a perfectly calm child. We're supporting children in understanding and responding to what their bodies need, not teaching them to hide signs of discomfort or dysregulation.

Try This
Choose one part of your classroom day when dysregulation seems to happen more often and look at the environment before changing the child's behavior.

Notice the sensory input around the child. What are they hearing, seeing, touching, or being asked to tolerate?

Watch for what an individual child naturally does to regulate. Do they seek movement, pressure, quiet, repetition, or less sensory input?

Think about one regulation support you could make available before the difficult part of the day rather than waiting until the child is overwhelmed.

During a hard moment, try shifting from "How do I get them to do this?" to "What might their body need from me right now?"

Resources & Links
Calming Kit Visuals — Visual supports and tools you can use to create a calming space and support regulation in your classroom. Calming Kit Visuals

Visual Support Starter Set — Get started with simple visual supports you can use with young autistic children. Visual Support Starter Set

Back to School Foundations Series — This is Week 3 of our six-part series. Start with Episode #188 and follow along as we move through the foundations, connection, regulation, visual supports, transitions, and understanding behavior as communication.

New to neurodiversity-affirming language? Read Why We Say "Autistic Child": A Simple Guide to Neurodiversity-Affirming Language.

Building a positive connection with autistic students is one of the most important things we can focus on at the beginning of a new school year. That's why I'm making connection the focus of Week 2 of our Back to School Foundations series.
There's something about that second week of school, too. The first few days are behind you, the excitement and whirlwind of getting everyone through the door has settled just a little, and you start realizing, I have a whole room full of children I'm still getting to know.
And that takes time.
For six weeks, I'm revisiting some of the most important conversations from the Autism Little Learners Podcast and bringing them back at the time of year when you may need them most. This week's conversation originally aired way back in August 2023, during the very first year of the podcast, so there's a pretty good chance you haven't heard this one before. And even if you have, I think it's worth coming back to as you get to know a new group of students.
Last week, we talked about what needs to be in place before we really begin teaching. This week, we're slowing down and looking more closely at connection. When a new student walks into your classroom, you might already have an IEP, evaluation reports, goals, and plenty of information about what you're supposed to teach. But none of that replaces getting to know the actual child in front of you.
In this episode, I'm sharing simple ways to foster a positive connection with your autistic students and why taking time to learn about their interests, preferences, communication, and cues isn't taking time away from teaching. It becomes part of the foundation for everything you'll do together.
Because connection isn't something we check off during the first week of school and move on from. It's something we continue building all year long.
In This Episode, You'll Learn
Why connection deserves our attention before we become too focused on goals and academics

Simple ways to begin building trust with a new autistic student

Why a child's interests can be an important doorway into connection

How following a child's lead helps us learn more about their communication and interaction

Why not every interaction needs to become a teaching opportunity

How noticing all forms of communication helps us better understand the child in front of us

Why respecting a child's communication, including "no," "stop," and "all done," matters

How taking time to build a relationship supports learning throughout the school year

Key Takeaways
Connection isn't separate from teaching. The time we spend getting to know a child gives us information that can make future learning more meaningful and accessible.

An IEP tells us about a student, but it doesn't replace knowing them. Notice what makes them smile, what they move toward, what they avoid, and how they communicate.

Interests can be a bridge to connection. Instead of always saving a favorite item or activity as a reward, we can join children in something they already enjoy.

Not every interaction needs an agenda. Sometimes we can simply play, imitate, notice, laugh, and enjoy being together without immediately turning the moment into a lesson.

Communication comes in many forms. Spoken words, AAC, gestures, facial expressions, body movements, sounds, scripts, reaching, moving toward something, and moving away can all communicate important information.

Honoring communication builds trust. When children learn that the adults around them notice and respond to what they're communicating, we're strengthening the relationship.

Connection takes time. It isn't a first-week-of-school activity. It's something we continue building and protecting throughout the year.

Try This
Choose one student you're still getting to know and spend some time simply observing what they enjoy.

Notice what they move toward when they have a choice and what they move away from.

Join them in something they already love without adding a demand or immediately turning it into a lesson.

Look for communication you may have previously missed, including gestures, movement, sounds, AAC, or actions.

At the end of the day, instead of only asking, "What did I teach today?" ask yourself, "What did I learn about this child today?"

Resources & Links
Back to School Foundations Series — This is Week 2 of our six-part series. Start with Episode #188 and follow along as we build from the foundations into connection, regulation, visual supports, transitions, and understanding behavior as communication.

Keep Learning — Read the companion blog post about building positive connections with autistic students. 

New to neurodiversity-affirming language? Read Why We Say "Autistic Child": A Simple Guide to Neurodiversity-Affirming Language. 

Next Week — We'll continue the Back to School Foundations series with regulation and what it can look like to support it in the classroom.

This is Week 1 of 6 in the Back to School Foundations replay series. While I'm in Portland helping my daughter move into her first house, I'm revisiting six episodes I think will help most as you head back to school. New season starts Tuesday, September 29th, with five weeks on AAC for AAC Awareness Month.
So much of what goes wrong in September is really about something that was never put in place in August. Three things. That's it. Here's what they are.
I'm starting this series at the very beginning, with the framework I built to answer the question I get more than any other: where do I even start?
The answer is not with the IEP goals. It's with regulate, connect, and routines. Those are the three things that have to be in place before teaching begins, and teach is the fourth pillar that everything else holds up. We all want to jump straight to teach. Sit at the table, trace the name, sort the colors. But a child who isn't regulated can't take in what you're offering, and a child who doesn't trust you yet has no reason to try.
The framework is fluid. You'll move back and forth between all four pillars every day, student by student. A child can be doing beautifully in a teaching activity and be dysregulated two minutes later, and at that point we set our agenda aside and go back to what we know helps that child. That's not a detour from the work. That is the work.
We'll talk about:
Why regulation has to come before expectation, and what interoception has to do with it
How to build connection with children you don't know yet, without going into teacher mode
How predictable routines lower anxiety and grow independence
The four pillars of the Autism Little Learners Framework: Regulate, Connect, Routines, Teach
In This Episode, You'll Learn:
Why a dysregulated child is not in a position to take in new learning
Why true self-regulation doesn't develop until well past early childhood, and what to do instead
What "teacher mode" sounds like, and why the questions get in the way
How to join a child's play without taking it over or directing it
Why speaking is not the only way to communicate, and what multimodal communication looks like
Key Takeaways:
Regulation before expectation. If a child isn't regulated, the lesson isn't landing.
Co-regulation is the starting point at the early childhood level, not self-regulation.
You have to reach the child before you can teach the child.
No significant learning takes place without a significant relationship.
Speaking is not the only way to communicate. Every child is already communicating.
Predictable routines reduce anxiety and build independence.
The framework is fluid. You'll move back and forth between all four pillars every single day.

Try This:
Send the Child Interest Survey home this week and use what comes back
Join one child in their favorite activity without asking a single question
Watch and copy what a child is doing instead of directing the play
Ask your OT for one sensory idea for one specific child
Teach a calming sequence with a visual cue before you need it
Look at one child's visual schedule and check the length and the symbol type against what that child actually understands
Pick one daily routine and make a visual sequence for it

Related Resources & Links:
❤️ Child Interest Survey (free)
❤️ Free Visual Support Starter Set
❤️ Autism Little Learners Membership
"Children learn best when they like their teacher and when they think their teacher likes them." Gordon Neufeld

div]:bg-bg-000/50 [&_pre>div]:border-0.5 [&_pre>div]:border-border-400 [&_.ignore-pre-bg>div]:bg-transparent [&_.standard-markdown_:is(p,blockquote,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6)]:pl-2 [&_.standard-markdown_:is(p,blockquote,ul,ol,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6)]:pr-8 [&_.progressive-markdown_:is(p,blockquote,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6)]:pl-2 [&_.progressive-markdown_:is(p,blockquote,ul,ol,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6)]:pr-8"> _*]:min-w-0 gap-3 [&_>_*:last-child]:mb-0 print:block print:[&_>_*_+_*]:mt-3 standard-markdown"> "Don't buy him letters." That's what a professional told Cari Ebert when her son Aaron was two. He was "obsessed," they said, and needed to be moved toward more appropriate play.
Cari ignored them. Those letters were how Aaron showed joy, and how she connected with him. Nearly two decades later, that same deep interest in letters, numbers, and dates is what landed him a job he loves.
That moment is the heart of today's episode, because it's exactly what happens when we treat autism as a journey instead of a tragedy.
This is Cari's keynote from this year's Preschool Autism Summit. She brings two lenses to it: 30+ years as a pediatric SLP, and 21 years as mom to her autistic son. Together they make a case that so much of what we were taught to fear, grieve, and "fix" was never the problem. The problem was the language, the linear milestones, and the compliance-first thinking we inherited.
Cari walks us through Aaron's whole story, from spelling words before he could speak, to teaching himself to tie his shoes at 20, to reading bedtime stories to his baby nephew. Along the way she gives us a clearer, kinder way to talk to families and a real shift in how we show up for autistic children.
We'll talk about:
why the child is exactly the same the day after a diagnosis, and it's the adults who need to shift
the power of first messages, and how "red flags" teach families to fear a diagnosis
deficit-based language versus affirming, neutral, strengths-based language
what autism is not, and what it actually is
the spiky, non-linear developmental profile
reframing the spectrum into a support-needs profile
honoring autistic joy as the doorway to connection and learning
Because we don't get to decide where an autistic child's journey ends. Our job is to keep believing there's more ahead.
In This Episode, You'll Learn
Why autism is a journey, not a tragedy, and what changes when we lead with curiosity instead of fear
How deficit-driven language sends the message that something is "wrong" with the child, and how to choose affirming or neutral language instead
Why autism is not a delay, a disease, or something a child outgrows
What a spiky developmental profile is, and why milestone charts don't fit autistic development
How to give families space to grieve their expectations, not the child in front of them
What presuming potential looks like in real life, including how video modeling helped Aaron learn a skill on his own timeline
Why deep interests, from Metallica to NASCAR, are the way in, not something to redirect
Key Takeaways
The diagnosis doesn't change the child; it changes how the adults see and support them
Regulation creates the conditions for learning, and connection comes before communication
All behavior has meaning; it's a clue, not a problem to extinguish
Progress isn't linear, and growth continues across the whole lifespan
Communication is a right, not something a child has to earn
Autistic children are different, not less
We stretch strengths instead of fixing deficits
Families are the experts on their child, and the most important members of the team
Try This
Take one traditional IEP goal and ask AI to rewrite it in neurodiversity-affirming language, without percentage-of-accuracy measures
Swap deficit words for neutral ones this week: "deep interests" instead of "obsessions," "prefers consistency" instead of "rigid"
Learn one child's deep interest, and use it as your starting point instead of redirecting it
Reframe a behavior you'd usually try to stop, and ask what it's communicating about the nervous system
Notice a child's glimmers, the small things that bring them micro-moments of joy, and make room for them
Start with connection before you ask for a single communication skill
Related Resources & Links
Cari Ebert's website - The Learning to Learn program, the Silly Sounds cards, and The SLP Talk Show podcast
Preschool Autism Summit 2026 - Grab the summit replay bundle, a free guide, and get on the waitlist for 2027
Autism Little Learners Membership
When we treat autism as a journey instead of a tragedy, we stop asking a child to prove they're worthy of our belief and start offering it from the very beginning. Cari's son didn't become worthy the day he got a job or gave a keynote. He was always worthy. Once you see every autistic child that way, it changes everything about how you teach.